Edit

ParsedData filter_by_bbox(const ParsedData& full, const ContinentBBox& bbox) {
    ParsedData out;

    // Filter from hash map
    auto filter_cells_map = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& cell_map,
                                bool mask_interior = false) {
        std::unordered_set<uint32_t> ids;
        for (const auto& [cell_id, cell_ids] : cell_map) {
            if (cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) {
                for (uint32_t id : cell_ids)
                    ids.insert(mask_interior ? (id & ID_MASK) : id);
            }
        }
        return ids;
    };

    // Filter from sorted pairs — parallel chunked scan.
    // Split the sorted array into N chunks at cell boundaries, each thread
    // builds its own ID set, then merge.
    auto filter_cells_sorted = [&](const std::vector<CellItemPair>& sorted,
                                   bool mask_interior = false) {
        if (sorted.empty()) return std::unordered_set<uint32_t>{};

        unsigned nthreads = std::max(1u, std::thread::hardware_concurrency() / 4);
        size_t chunk = (sorted.size() + nthreads - 1) / nthreads;

ParsedData filter_by_bbox(const ParsedData& full, const ContinentBBox& bbox) {
    ParsedData out;

    std::cerr << "  DEBUG filter_by_bbox: ways_sorted=" << full.sorted_way_cells.size()
              << " addrs_sorted=" << full.sorted_addr_cells.size()
              << " interps_sorted=" << full.sorted_interp_cells.size()
              << " ways_map=" << full.cell_to_ways.size()
              << " addrs_map=" << full.cell_to_addrs.size()
              << " interps_map=" << full.cell_to_interps.size()
              << " admin_map=" << full.cell_to_admin.size()
              << std::endl;

    // Filter from hash map
    auto filter_cells_map = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& cell_map,
                                bool mask_interior = false) {
        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_map: size=" << cell_map.size() << std::endl;
        std::unordered_set<uint32_t> ids;
        for (const auto& [cell_id, cell_ids] : cell_map) {
            if (cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) {
                for (uint32_t id : cell_ids)
                    ids.insert(mask_interior ? (id & ID_MASK) : id);
            }
        }
        return ids;
    };

    // Filter from sorted pairs — parallel chunked scan.
    // Split the sorted array into N chunks at cell boundaries, each thread
    // builds its own ID set, then merge.
    auto filter_cells_sorted = [&](const std::vector<CellItemPair>& sorted,
                                   bool mask_interior = false) {
        if (sorted.empty()) return std::unordered_set<uint32_t>{};

        unsigned nthreads = std::max(1u, std::thread::hardware_concurrency() / 4);
        size_t chunk = (sorted.size() + nthreads - 1) / nthreads;
        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=" << sorted.size()
                  << " nthreads=" << nthreads << " chunk=" << chunk << std::endl;


The file /root/traccar-geocoder/builder/src/continent_filter.cpp has been updated successfully.

ParsedData filter_by_bbox(const ParsedData& full, const ContinentBBox& bbox) {
    ParsedData out;

    std::cerr << "  DEBUG filter_by_bbox: ways_sorted=" << full.sorted_way_cells.size()
              << " addrs_sorted=" << full.sorted_addr_cells.size()
              << " interps_sorted=" << full.sorted_interp_cells.size()
              << " ways_map=" << full.cell_to_ways.size()
              << " addrs_map=" << full.cell_to_addrs.size()
              << " interps_map=" << full.cell_to_interps.size()
              << " admin_map=" << full.cell_to_admin.size()
              << std::endl;

    // Filter from hash map
    auto filter_cells_map = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& cell_map,
                                bool mask_interior = false) {
        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_map: size=" << cell_map.size() << std::endl;
        std::unordered_set<uint32_t> ids;
        for (const auto& [cell_id, cell_ids] : cell_map) {
            if (cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) {
                for (uint32_t id : cell_ids)
                    ids.insert(mask_interior ? (id & ID_MASK) : id);
            }
        }
        return ids;
    };

    // Filter from sorted pairs — parallel chunked scan.
    // Split the sorted array into N chunks at cell boundaries, each thread
    // builds its own ID set, then merge.
    auto filter_cells_sorted = [&](const std::vector<CellItemPair>& sorted,
                                   bool mask_interior = false) {
        if (sorted.empty()) return std::unordered_set<uint32_t>{};

        unsigned nthreads = std::max(1u, std::thread::hardware_concurrency() / 4);
        size_t chunk = (sorted.size() + nthreads - 1) / nthreads;
        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=" << sorted.size()
                  << " nthreads=" << nthreads << " chunk=" << chunk << std::endl;

#include "continent_filter.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <future>
#include <unordered_set>

#include <s2/s2cell_id.h>
#include <s2/s2latlng.h>

const ContinentBBox kContinents[] = {
    {"africa",            -35.0,  37.5,  -25.0,  55.0},
    {"asia",              -12.0,  82.0,   25.0, 180.0},
    {"europe",             35.0,  72.0,  -25.0,  45.0},
    {"north-america",       7.0,  84.0, -170.0, -50.0},
    {"south-america",     -56.0,  13.0,  -82.0, -34.0},
    {"oceania",           -50.0,   0.0,  110.0, 180.0},
    {"central-america",     7.0,  23.5, -120.0, -57.0},
    {"antarctica",        -90.0, -60.0, -180.0, 180.0},
};

const size_t kContinentCount = sizeof(kContinents) / sizeof(kContinents[0]);

static bool cell_in_bbox(uint64_t cell_id, const ContinentBBox& bbox) {
    S2CellId cell(cell_id);
    S2LatLng center = cell.ToLatLng();
    double lat = center.lat().degrees();
    double lng = center.lng().degrees();
    return lat >= bbox.min_lat && lat <= bbox.max_lat &&
           lng >= bbox.min_lng && lng <= bbox.max_lng;
}

ParsedData filter_by_bbox(const ParsedData& full, const ContinentBBox& bbox) {
    ParsedData out;

    // Filter from hash map
    auto filter_cells_map = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& cell_map,
                                bool mask_interior = false) {
        std::unordered_set<uint32_t> ids;
        for (const auto& [cell_id, cell_ids] : cell_map) {
            if (cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) {
                for (uint32_t id : cell_ids)
                    ids.insert(mask_interior ? (id & ID_MASK) : id);
            }
        }
        return ids;
    };

    // Filter from sorted pairs — parallel chunked scan.
    // Split the sorted array into N chunks at cell boundaries, each thread
    // builds its own ID set, then merge.
    auto filter_cells_sorted = [&](const std::vector<CellItemPair>& sorted,
                                   bool mask_interior = false) {
        if (sorted.empty()) return std::unordered_set<uint32_t>{};

        unsigned nthreads = std::max(1u, std::thread::hardware_concurrency() / 4);
        size_t chunk = (sorted.size() + nthreads - 1) / nthreads;

        // Find chunk boundaries at cell_id transitions
        std::vector<size_t> bounds = {0};
        for (unsigned t = 1; t < nthreads; t++) {
            size_t target = t * chunk;
            if (target >= sorted.size()) break;
            while (target < sorted.size() && sorted[target].cell_id == sorted[target-1].cell_id)
                target++;
            if (target < sorted.size()) bounds.push_back(target);
        }
        bounds.push_back(sorted.size());

        std::vector<std::unordered_set<uint32_t>> thread_ids(bounds.size() - 1);
        std::vector<std::thread> threads;
        for (size_t t = 0; t + 1 < bounds.size(); t++) {
            threads.emplace_back([&, t]() {
                auto& local = thread_ids[t];
                for (size_t i = bounds[t]; i < bounds[t+1]; ) {
                    uint64_t cell_id = sorted[i].cell_id;
                    bool match = cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox);
                    while (i < bounds[t+1] && sorted[i].cell_id == cell_id) {
                        if (match) {
                            uint32_t id = sorted[i].item_id;
                            local.insert(mask_interior ? (id & ID_MASK) : id);
                        }
                        i++;
                    }
                }
            });
        }
        for (auto& t : threads) t.join();

        // Merge thread-local sets
        size_t largest = 0;
        for (size_t t = 0; t < thread_ids.size(); t++)
            if (thread_ids[t].size() > thread_ids[largest].size()) largest = t;
        auto& merged = thread_ids[largest];
        for (size_t t = 0; t < thread_ids.size(); t++) {
            if (t == largest) continue;
            for (auto id : thread_ids[t]) merged.insert(id);
        }
        return std::move(merged);
    };

    // Use sorted pairs where available (faster linear scan), fall back to hash maps
    auto f_ways = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return !full.sorted_way_cells.empty()
            ? filter_cells_sorted(full.sorted_way_cells)
            : filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_ways);
    });
    auto f_addrs = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return !full.sorted_addr_cells.empty()
            ? filter_cells_sorted(full.sorted_addr_cells)
            : filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_addrs);
    });
    auto f_interps = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return !full.sorted_interp_cells.empty()
            ? filter_cells_sorted(full.sorted_interp_cells)
            : filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_interps);
    });
    auto f_admin = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_admin, true);
    });

    auto used_way_ids = f_ways.get();
    auto used_addr_ids = f_addrs.get();
    auto used_interp_ids = f_interps.get();
    auto used_admin_ids = f_admin.get();

    // Remap all 4 data types in parallel — each builds its own vectors and remap table
    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> way_remap, addr_remap, interp_remap, admin_remap;

    // Ways
    auto f_remap_ways = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_way_ids.begin(), used_way_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<WayHeader> ways;
        std::vector<NodeCoord> nodes;
        ways.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        nodes.reserve(sorted_ids.size() * 5);
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(ways.size());
            const auto& w = full.ways[old_id];
            WayHeader nw = w;
            nw.node_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(nodes.size());
            ways.push_back(nw);
            for (uint8_t n = 0; n < w.node_count; n++)
                nodes.push_back(full.street_nodes[w.node_offset + n]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(ways), std::move(nodes));
    });

    // Addrs
    auto f_remap_addrs = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_addr_ids.begin(), used_addr_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<AddrPoint> addrs;
        addrs.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(addrs.size());
            addrs.push_back(full.addr_points[old_id]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(addrs));
    });

    // Interps
    auto f_remap_interps = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_interp_ids.begin(), used_interp_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<InterpWay> iways;
        std::vector<NodeCoord> inodes;
        iways.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(iways.size());
            const auto& iw = full.interp_ways[old_id];
            InterpWay niw = iw;
            niw.node_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(inodes.size());
            iways.push_back(niw);
            for (uint8_t n = 0; n < iw.node_count; n++)
                inodes.push_back(full.interp_nodes[iw.node_offset + n]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(iways), std::move(inodes));
    });

    // Admins
    auto f_remap_admins = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_admin_ids.begin(), used_admin_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<AdminPolygon> polys;
        std::vector<NodeCoord> verts;
        polys.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(polys.size());
            const auto& ap = full.admin_polygons[old_id];
            AdminPolygon nap = ap;
            nap.vertex_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(verts.size());
            polys.push_back(nap);
            for (uint32_t v = 0; v < ap.vertex_count; v++)
                verts.push_back(full.admin_vertices[ap.vertex_offset + v]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(polys), std::move(verts));
    });

    // Collect results
    {
        auto [wr, ways, nodes] = f_remap_ways.get();
        way_remap = std::move(wr);
        out.ways = std::move(ways);
        out.street_nodes = std::move(nodes);
    }
    {
        auto [ar, addrs] = f_remap_addrs.get();
        addr_remap = std::move(ar);
        out.addr_points = std::move(addrs);
    }
    {
        auto [ir, iways, inodes] = f_remap_interps.get();
        interp_remap = std::move(ir);
        out.interp_ways = std::move(iways);
        out.interp_nodes = std::move(inodes);
    }
    {
        auto [ar, polys, verts] = f_remap_admins.get();
        admin_remap = std::move(ar);
        out.admin_polygons = std::move(polys);
        out.admin_vertices = std::move(verts);
    }

    // Remap cell maps in parallel (each builds an independent output map)
    auto remap_cells = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& src,
                           const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t>& remap,
                           std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& dst,
                           bool handle_flags = false) {
        for (const auto& [cell_id, ids] : src) {
            if (!cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) continue;
            std::vector<uint32_t> new_ids;
            for (uint32_t id : ids) {
                uint32_t raw_id = handle_flags ? (id & ID_MASK) : id;
                uint32_t flags = handle_flags ? (id & INTERIOR_FLAG) : 0;
                auto it = remap.find(raw_id);
                if (it != remap.end()) new_ids.push_back(it->second | flags);
            }
            if (!new_ids.empty()) dst[cell_id] = std::move(new_ids);
        }
    };

    {
        auto f1 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_ways, way_remap, out.cell_to_ways); });
        auto f2 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_addrs, addr_remap, out.cell_to_addrs); });
        auto f3 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_interps, interp_remap, out.cell_to_interps); });
        auto f4 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_admin, admin_remap, out.cell_to_admin, true); });
        f1.get(); f2.get(); f3.get(); f4.get();
    }

    // Rebuild compact string pool
    std::unordered_set<uint32_t> used_offsets;
    for (const auto& w : out.ways) used_offsets.insert(w.name_id);
    for (const auto& a : out.addr_points) { used_offsets.insert(a.housenumber_id); used_offsets.insert(a.street_id); }
    for (const auto& iw : out.interp_ways) used_offsets.insert(iw.street_id);
    for (const auto& ap : out.admin_polygons) used_offsets.insert(ap.name_id);

    const auto& old_sp = full.string_pool.data();
    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> string_remap;
    auto& new_sp = out.string_pool.mutable_data();
    new_sp.clear();

    std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_offsets(used_offsets.begin(), used_offsets.end());
    std::sort(sorted_offsets.begin(), sorted_offsets.end());
    for (uint32_t old_off : sorted_offsets) {
        uint32_t new_off = static_cast<uint32_t>(new_sp.size());
        string_remap[old_off] = new_off;
        const char* str = old_sp.data() + old_off;
        size_t len = std::strlen(str);
        new_sp.insert(new_sp.end(), str, str + len + 1);
    }

    for (auto& w : out.ways) w.name_id = string_remap[w.name_id];
    for (auto& a : out.addr_points) { a.housenumber_id = string_remap[a.housenumber_id]; a.street_id = string_remap[a.street_id]; }
    for (auto& iw : out.interp_ways) iw.street_id = string_remap[iw.street_id];
    for (auto& ap : out.admin_polygons) ap.name_id = string_remap[ap.name_id];

    return out;
}

+    std::cerr << "  DEBUG filter_by_bbox: ways_sorted=" << full.sorted_way_cells.size()

+              << " addrs_sorted=" << full.sorted_addr_cells.size()

+              << " interps_sorted=" << full.sorted_interp_cells.size()

+              << " ways_map=" << full.cell_to_ways.size()

+              << " addrs_map=" << full.cell_to_addrs.size()

+              << " interps_map=" << full.cell_to_interps.size()

+              << " admin_map=" << full.cell_to_admin.size()

+        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_map: size=" << cell_map.size() << std::endl;

+        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=" << sorted.size()

+                  << " nthreads=" << nthreads << " chunk=" << chunk << std::endl;


Also add debug after thread spawn to confirm they actually launched:


        for (auto& t : threads) t.join();

        // Merge thread-local sets

        std::cerr << "    DEBUG: spawned " << threads.size() << " threads, "
                  << bounds.size() - 1 << " chunks" << std::endl;
        for (auto& t : threads) t.join();

        // Merge thread-local sets


        std::cerr << "    DEBUG: spawned " << threads.size() << " threads, "
                  << bounds.size() - 1 << " chunks" << std::endl;
        for (auto& t : threads) t.join();

        // Merge thread-local sets

#include "continent_filter.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <future>
#include <unordered_set>

#include <s2/s2cell_id.h>
#include <s2/s2latlng.h>

const ContinentBBox kContinents[] = {
    {"africa",            -35.0,  37.5,  -25.0,  55.0},
    {"asia",              -12.0,  82.0,   25.0, 180.0},
    {"europe",             35.0,  72.0,  -25.0,  45.0},
    {"north-america",       7.0,  84.0, -170.0, -50.0},
    {"south-america",     -56.0,  13.0,  -82.0, -34.0},
    {"oceania",           -50.0,   0.0,  110.0, 180.0},
    {"central-america",     7.0,  23.5, -120.0, -57.0},
    {"antarctica",        -90.0, -60.0, -180.0, 180.0},
};

const size_t kContinentCount = sizeof(kContinents) / sizeof(kContinents[0]);

static bool cell_in_bbox(uint64_t cell_id, const ContinentBBox& bbox) {
    S2CellId cell(cell_id);
    S2LatLng center = cell.ToLatLng();
    double lat = center.lat().degrees();
    double lng = center.lng().degrees();
    return lat >= bbox.min_lat && lat <= bbox.max_lat &&
           lng >= bbox.min_lng && lng <= bbox.max_lng;
}

ParsedData filter_by_bbox(const ParsedData& full, const ContinentBBox& bbox) {
    ParsedData out;

    std::cerr << "  DEBUG filter_by_bbox: ways_sorted=" << full.sorted_way_cells.size()
              << " addrs_sorted=" << full.sorted_addr_cells.size()
              << " interps_sorted=" << full.sorted_interp_cells.size()
              << " ways_map=" << full.cell_to_ways.size()
              << " addrs_map=" << full.cell_to_addrs.size()
              << " interps_map=" << full.cell_to_interps.size()
              << " admin_map=" << full.cell_to_admin.size()
              << std::endl;

    // Filter from hash map
    auto filter_cells_map = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& cell_map,
                                bool mask_interior = false) {
        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_map: size=" << cell_map.size() << std::endl;
        std::unordered_set<uint32_t> ids;
        for (const auto& [cell_id, cell_ids] : cell_map) {
            if (cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) {
                for (uint32_t id : cell_ids)
                    ids.insert(mask_interior ? (id & ID_MASK) : id);
            }
        }
        return ids;
    };

    // Filter from sorted pairs — parallel chunked scan.
    // Split the sorted array into N chunks at cell boundaries, each thread
    // builds its own ID set, then merge.
    auto filter_cells_sorted = [&](const std::vector<CellItemPair>& sorted,
                                   bool mask_interior = false) {
        if (sorted.empty()) return std::unordered_set<uint32_t>{};

        unsigned nthreads = std::max(1u, std::thread::hardware_concurrency() / 4);
        size_t chunk = (sorted.size() + nthreads - 1) / nthreads;
        std::cerr << "    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=" << sorted.size()
                  << " nthreads=" << nthreads << " chunk=" << chunk << std::endl;

        // Find chunk boundaries at cell_id transitions
        std::vector<size_t> bounds = {0};
        for (unsigned t = 1; t < nthreads; t++) {
            size_t target = t * chunk;
            if (target >= sorted.size()) break;
            while (target < sorted.size() && sorted[target].cell_id == sorted[target-1].cell_id)
                target++;
            if (target < sorted.size()) bounds.push_back(target);
        }
        bounds.push_back(sorted.size());

        std::vector<std::unordered_set<uint32_t>> thread_ids(bounds.size() - 1);
        std::vector<std::thread> threads;
        for (size_t t = 0; t + 1 < bounds.size(); t++) {
            threads.emplace_back([&, t]() {
                auto& local = thread_ids[t];
                for (size_t i = bounds[t]; i < bounds[t+1]; ) {
                    uint64_t cell_id = sorted[i].cell_id;
                    bool match = cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox);
                    while (i < bounds[t+1] && sorted[i].cell_id == cell_id) {
                        if (match) {
                            uint32_t id = sorted[i].item_id;
                            local.insert(mask_interior ? (id & ID_MASK) : id);
                        }
                        i++;
                    }
                }
            });
        }
        for (auto& t : threads) t.join();

        // Merge thread-local sets
        size_t largest = 0;
        for (size_t t = 0; t < thread_ids.size(); t++)
            if (thread_ids[t].size() > thread_ids[largest].size()) largest = t;
        auto& merged = thread_ids[largest];
        for (size_t t = 0; t < thread_ids.size(); t++) {
            if (t == largest) continue;
            for (auto id : thread_ids[t]) merged.insert(id);
        }
        return std::move(merged);
    };

    // Use sorted pairs where available (faster linear scan), fall back to hash maps
    auto f_ways = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return !full.sorted_way_cells.empty()
            ? filter_cells_sorted(full.sorted_way_cells)
            : filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_ways);
    });
    auto f_addrs = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return !full.sorted_addr_cells.empty()
            ? filter_cells_sorted(full.sorted_addr_cells)
            : filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_addrs);
    });
    auto f_interps = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return !full.sorted_interp_cells.empty()
            ? filter_cells_sorted(full.sorted_interp_cells)
            : filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_interps);
    });
    auto f_admin = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{
        return filter_cells_map(full.cell_to_admin, true);
    });

    auto used_way_ids = f_ways.get();
    auto used_addr_ids = f_addrs.get();
    auto used_interp_ids = f_interps.get();
    auto used_admin_ids = f_admin.get();

    // Remap all 4 data types in parallel — each builds its own vectors and remap table
    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> way_remap, addr_remap, interp_remap, admin_remap;

    // Ways
    auto f_remap_ways = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_way_ids.begin(), used_way_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<WayHeader> ways;
        std::vector<NodeCoord> nodes;
        ways.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        nodes.reserve(sorted_ids.size() * 5);
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(ways.size());
            const auto& w = full.ways[old_id];
            WayHeader nw = w;
            nw.node_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(nodes.size());
            ways.push_back(nw);
            for (uint8_t n = 0; n < w.node_count; n++)
                nodes.push_back(full.street_nodes[w.node_offset + n]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(ways), std::move(nodes));
    });

    // Addrs
    auto f_remap_addrs = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_addr_ids.begin(), used_addr_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<AddrPoint> addrs;
        addrs.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(addrs.size());
            addrs.push_back(full.addr_points[old_id]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(addrs));
    });

    // Interps
    auto f_remap_interps = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_interp_ids.begin(), used_interp_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<InterpWay> iways;
        std::vector<NodeCoord> inodes;
        iways.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(iways.size());
            const auto& iw = full.interp_ways[old_id];
            InterpWay niw = iw;
            niw.node_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(inodes.size());
            iways.push_back(niw);
            for (uint8_t n = 0; n < iw.node_count; n++)
                inodes.push_back(full.interp_nodes[iw.node_offset + n]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(iways), std::move(inodes));
    });

    // Admins
    auto f_remap_admins = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_admin_ids.begin(), used_admin_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<AdminPolygon> polys;
        std::vector<NodeCoord> verts;
        polys.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(polys.size());
            const auto& ap = full.admin_polygons[old_id];
            AdminPolygon nap = ap;
            nap.vertex_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(verts.size());
            polys.push_back(nap);
            for (uint32_t v = 0; v < ap.vertex_count; v++)
                verts.push_back(full.admin_vertices[ap.vertex_offset + v]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(polys), std::move(verts));
    });

    // Collect results
    {
        auto [wr, ways, nodes] = f_remap_ways.get();
        way_remap = std::move(wr);
        out.ways = std::move(ways);
        out.street_nodes = std::move(nodes);
    }
    {
        auto [ar, addrs] = f_remap_addrs.get();
        addr_remap = std::move(ar);
        out.addr_points = std::move(addrs);
    }
    {
        auto [ir, iways, inodes] = f_remap_interps.get();
        interp_remap = std::move(ir);
        out.interp_ways = std::move(iways);
        out.interp_nodes = std::move(inodes);
    }
    {
        auto [ar, polys, verts] = f_remap_admins.get();
        admin_remap = std::move(ar);
        out.admin_polygons = std::move(polys);
        out.admin_vertices = std::move(verts);
    }

    // Remap cell maps in parallel (each builds an independent output map)
    auto remap_cells = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& src,
                           const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t>& remap,
                           std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& dst,
                           bool handle_flags = false) {
        for (const auto& [cell_id, ids] : src) {
            if (!cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) continue;
            std::vector<uint32_t> new_ids;
            for (uint32_t id : ids) {
                uint32_t raw_id = handle_flags ? (id & ID_MASK) : id;
                uint32_t flags = handle_flags ? (id & INTERIOR_FLAG) : 0;
                auto it = remap.find(raw_id);
                if (it != remap.end()) new_ids.push_back(it->second | flags);
            }
            if (!new_ids.empty()) dst[cell_id] = std::move(new_ids);
        }
    };

    {
        auto f1 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_ways, way_remap, out.cell_to_ways); });
        auto f2 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_addrs, addr_remap, out.cell_to_addrs); });
        auto f3 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_interps, interp_remap, out.cell_to_interps); });
        auto f4 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_admin, admin_remap, out.cell_to_admin, true); });
        f1.get(); f2.get(); f3.get(); f4.get();
    }

    // Rebuild compact string pool
    std::unordered_set<uint32_t> used_offsets;
    for (const auto& w : out.ways) used_offsets.insert(w.name_id);
    for (const auto& a : out.addr_points) { used_offsets.insert(a.housenumber_id); used_offsets.insert(a.street_id); }
    for (const auto& iw : out.interp_ways) used_offsets.insert(iw.street_id);
    for (const auto& ap : out.admin_polygons) used_offsets.insert(ap.name_id);

    const auto& old_sp = full.string_pool.data();
    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> string_remap;
    auto& new_sp = out.string_pool.mutable_data();
    new_sp.clear();

    std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_offsets(used_offsets.begin(), used_offsets.end());
    std::sort(sorted_offsets.begin(), sorted_offsets.end());
    for (uint32_t old_off : sorted_offsets) {
        uint32_t new_off = static_cast<uint32_t>(new_sp.size());
        string_remap[old_off] = new_off;
        const char* str = old_sp.data() + old_off;
        size_t len = std::strlen(str);
        new_sp.insert(new_sp.end(), str, str + len + 1);
    }

    for (auto& w : out.ways) w.name_id = string_remap[w.name_id];
    for (auto& a : out.addr_points) { a.housenumber_id = string_remap[a.housenumber_id]; a.street_id = string_remap[a.street_id]; }
    for (auto& iw : out.interp_ways) iw.street_id = string_remap[iw.street_id];
    for (auto& ap : out.admin_polygons) ap.name_id = string_remap[ap.name_id];

    return out;
}

+        std::cerr << "    DEBUG: spawned " << threads.size() << " threads, "

+                  << bounds.size() - 1 << " chunks" << std::endl;


Bash

Build


[ 25%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/build-index.dir/src/build_index.cpp.o
[ 37%] Linking CXX executable build-index
[100%] Built target build-index


ssh node3 "killall build-index-pipeline 2>/dev/null; rm -rf ~/test-full && mkdir ~/test-full" 2>&1 && scp /root/traccar-geocoder/builder/build/build-index node3:~/build-index-pipeline 2>&1 && ssh node3 "nohup bash -c 'time ~/build-index-pipeline ~/test-full ~/pbf/planet.osm.pbf --multi-output --continents --multi-quality' > /tmp/pipeline2.log 2>&1 & sleep 3 && head -3 /tmp/pipeline2.log" 2>&1

Start debug build


Command running in background with ID: bona7g7gw. Output is being written to: /tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/bona7g7gw.output


sleep 5 && ssh node3 "head -5 /tmp/pipeline2.log" 2>&1

Verify running


Simplification: error-bounded, fixed 0.1m epsilon
Using 31 worker threads.
Allocated dense node index: 111GB virtual address space
Processing /home/michtest/pbf/planet.osm.pbf...
  Pass 1: scanning relations...


Now I'll wait for the continent phase to start and check the debug output. The PBF + S2 phases take ~12 min:


sleep 780 && ssh node3 "grep -a 'DEBUG\|Continent' /tmp/pipeline2.log | head -20" 2>&1

Check debug output after 13 min


  DEBUG 'Västerhiske': ways: [w457539038 first=220346 last=4536695971 n=5] [w457539037 first=294065990 last=220346 n=2] [w121177158 first=1357160449 last=294065990 n=3] [w457539004 first=1357160453 last=1357160449 n=2] [w28445305 first=312514646 last=1357160453 n=3] [w102156069 first=1983283071 last=312514646 n=3] [w457539035 first=1179039271 last=1983283071 n=2] [w457639802 first=4536695974 last=1179039271 n=4] [w28533849 first=4536695974 last=301742553 n=7] [w457639827 first=4536695971 last=286071787 n=3] [w457639815 first=286071787 last=286071789 n=13] [w26557540 first=286071789 last=286103957 n=9]
  DEBUG 'Katku küla': ways: [w45485188 first=579537007 last=579537014 n=8] [w45485189 first=579537015 last=579537017 n=3] [w45485190 first=579537014 last=579537015 n=9] [w445528618 first=579537029 last=4429409531 n=4] [w445528612 first=4429409531 last=4429409532 n=2] [w445528613 first=4429409532 last=579537026 n=2] [w45485191 first=579537026 last=579537017 n=3] [w45485192 first=579537034 last=579537029 n=4]
  DEBUG 'Koovälja küla': ways: [w45485188 first=579537007 last=579537014 n=8] [w45488494 first=579574029 last=579595441 n=112] [w45488495 first=579595570 last=579595574 n=7] [w45488496 first=579537014 last=579595574 n=8] [w45488498 first=579595593 last=579595592 n=2] [w93247204 first=579595593 last=579595611 n=21] [w45488499 first=579595441 last=579595611 n=2] [w45488500 first=579595625 last=579574029 n=2] [w45488501 first=579595570 last=579595592 n=3]
  DEBUG 'Raudlepa küla': ways: [w45501400 first=579715997 last=579847610 n=9] [w45501401 first=579847611 last=579661035 n=13] [w45492656 first=579537029 last=579710088 n=4] [w445528617 first=579710091 last=579710088 n=3] [w45493041 first=2948527308 last=579710091 n=14] [w291386017 first=579716165 last=2948527308 n=2] [w291386016 first=579715997 last=579716165 n=2] [w45485192 first=579537034 last=579537029 n=4] [w45490958 first=579661035 last=579661064 n=2] [w45501402 first=579847610 last=579661064 n=2]
  DEBUG 'Kaarli küla': ways: [w45490955 first=579661035 last=579541077 n=16] [w45501401 first=579847611 last=579661035 n=13] [w45487396 first=579574030 last=3335925572 n=2] [w326893608 first=3335925572 last=579574029 n=2] [w93258032 first=579541077 last=2139416810 n=2] [w203937589 first=2139416810 last=2139416811 n=2] [w203937590 first=2139416811 last=579574030 n=33] [w45488500 first=579595625 last=579574029 n=2]
  DEBUG 'Aidu-Liiva küla': ways: [w45484325 first=579523483 last=579523505 n=21] [w45484326 first=579523507 last=579523483 n=13] [w45484329 first=579523587 last=579523505 n=18] [w45484338 first=579523772 last=579523507 n=15] [w45504100 first=579561860 last=579892569 n=23] [w45506621 first=579916067 last=579892569 n=7] [w45486710 first=13338088293 last=579523587 n=23] [w45506623 first=579523772 last=579916077 n=6] [w45506624 first=579916077 last=579916067 n=2]
  DEBUG 'Teofilândia': ways: [w46190504 first=10897520578 last=10748908417 n=634] [w46190529 first=588928368 last=10897520578 n=27] [w46190533 first=13628497681 last=588928496 n=110] [w46190532 first=588928496 last=10799657559 n=296] [w46190511 first=10748908417 last=10799657559 n=5]
  DEBUG 'Araci': ways: [w1161135256 first=10799657559 last=588928480 n=2] [w46190532 first=588928496 last=10799657559 n=296] [w46190533 first=13628497681 last=588928496 n=110] [w46190531 first=588928368 last=588928344 n=4] [w410326458 first=588928344 last=588928349 n=4] [w46189081 first=588928349 last=588935576 n=55] [w1162661879 first=588935576 last=10813010167 n=33] [w46190690 first=10813010167 last=588935628 n=163] [w46190689 first=588935628 last=588935659 n=106] [w46190688 first=588935659 last=588935764 n=87] [w46189082 first=588935764 last=588935798 n=50] [w334717498 first=588935798 last=588928499 n=19] [w46190530 first=588928499 last=10799657561 n=2] [w1161135257 first=588928480 last=10799657561 n=2]
  DEBUG 'Guaxuma': ways: [w861226951 first=630919895 last=1899391512 n=17] [w49708936 first=631051418 last=630919895 n=24]
  DEBUG 'Garça Torta': ways: [w372736871 first=631802144 last=631802272 n=64] [w861226950 first=1899391512 last=631802144 n=9]
  DEBUG 'Benedito Bentes': ways: [w49708942 first=631759703 last=631811124 n=3] [w372736845 first=631802291 last=7593751480 n=38] [w49589568 first=630649812 last=631051418 n=19] [w49612665 first=630649837 last=630649812 n=18] [w49706833 first=630908427 last=630649837 n=26] [w49709652 first=631759703 last=630908427 n=6]
  DEBUG '7405': ways: [w150969740 first=1638255404 last=1638255400 n=2] [w150969761 first=1638255400 last=240381528 n=2] [w150969529 first=240381528 last=240381525 n=10] [w150969524 first=240381525 last=240473756 n=13] [w150969559 first=25343597 last=240473756 n=12] [w10051885 first=25343597 last=32962829 n=5] [w739674150 first=32962829 last=838022064 n=2] [w150969634 first=838022064 last=6925684326 n=23] [w739674147 first=6925684326 last=32962831 n=5] [w739674146 first=32962831 last=32962832 n=3] [w738350833 first=32962832 last=32962833 n=4] [w738350832 first=32962833 last=6913791660 n=3] [w8075933 first=6913791660 last=25877685 n=4] [w151143995 first=1638255412 last=288682026 n=2] [w150969752 first=1638255412 last=1638255417 n=12] [w790699715 first=1638255417 last=73630928 n=2] [w4820298 first=6933078699 last=73630928 n=9] [w740524303 first=4396782610 last=6933078699 n=4] [w1131470216 first=6933078700 last=4396782610 n=2] [w740524306 first=30976348 last=6933078700 n=6] [w1270814928 first=30976346 last=30976348 n=5] [w150969766 first=25369152 last=30976346 n=7] [w740023311 first=25369152 last=6928692685 n=2] [w740503843 first=6928692685 last=288746676 n=2] [w150969586 first=288746676 last=25391055 n=11] [w4245857 first=25391055 last=288746608 n=2] [w4247175 first=288746608 last=25391056 n=2] [w304694012 first=25391056 last=1639692843 n=5] [w151143920 first=1639692843 last=6928297954 n=8] [w739941494 first=6928297954 last=25399623 n=5] [w151143915 first=1639692846 last=25399623 n=23] [w150969578 first=231216730 last=1639692846 n=3] [w4247241 first=25399667 last=231216730 n=15] [w739946941 first=25399667 last=6928331396 n=5] [w4247251 first=6928331396 last=25399713 n=17] [w4247253 first=25399713 last=25399715 n=2] [w4259436 first=25399715 last=25532657 n=7] [w150969741 first=1638255425 last=25532657 n=2] [w938894239 first=1638255425 last=1637793335 n=2] [w150916432 first=25378162 last=1637793335 n=6] [w150916524 first=1612517283 last=25378162 n=2] [w707359016 first=6647233747 last=1612517283 n=2] [w707359015 first=6647233747 last=25367054 n=2] [w150916458 first=1637793329 last=25367054 n=5] [w150916516 first=814821056 last=1637793329 n=2] [w150916495 first=1637793331 last=814821056 n=7] [w150916512 first=132418752 last=1637793331 n=2] [w13978720 first=132418752 last=3735018777 n=2] [w905003056 first=3735018777 last=25371491 n=2] [w536814585 first=132418826 last=25371491 n=2] [w905003052 first=4721262656 last=132418826 n=2] [w150969536 first=4721262648 last=4721262656 n=10] [w608694511 first=4721262652 last=4721262648 n=5] [w738678124 first=4721262640 last=4721262652 n=3] [w738678125 first=4721262785 last=4721262640 n=2] [w478951586 first=25399495 last=4721262785 n=4] [w740451773 first=6932442088 last=25399495 n=3] [w740451775 first=4721262789 last=6932442088 n=4] [w478951587 first=366663776 last=4721262789 n=7] [w150928495 first=231772163 last=366663776 n=7] [w150928547 first=71133517 last=231772163 n=7] [w150928500 first=71133517 last=71133777 n=15] [w150928503 first=71133777 last=71133871 n=2] [w9377409 first=71133871 last=231771752 n=3] [w150928525 first=231771752 last=71160620 n=4] [w150928524 first=71160620 last=1638255416 n=19] [w151157493 first=25599412 last=1638255416 n=2] [w4265211 first=25599412 last=2643239201 n=2] [w4263185 first=2643239201 last=747612067 n=9] [w150928526 first=747612067 last=25582051 n=2] [w151157491 first=1637903706 last=25582051 n=2] [w423388083 first=1637903706 last=747612087 n=3] [w150928538 first=747612087 last=1637903705 n=7] [w151157495 first=1637903705 last=26288926 n=2] [w4324898 first=26288926 last=26288993 n=3] [w713533232 first=26288993 last=6708742448 n=2] [w713533233 first=6708742448 last=26288995 n=2] [w423315652 first=26288995 last=26289005 n=3] [w713488323 first=26289005 last=6708485977 n=3] [w713493642 first=6708485977 last=2309325148 n=2] [w713495395 first=2309325148 last=26289008 n=2] [w713495394 first=26289008 last=6708552640 n=4] [w713496842 first=6708552640 last=26289013 n=4] [w713501435 first=26289013 last=6708624236 n=3] [w121860765 first=6708624236 last=26289343 n=15] [w151155051 first=1638053317 last=26289343 n=2] [w150945570 first=1638053317 last=148795640 n=2] [w441987917 first=4396781523 last=148795640 n=2] [w148126892 first=148786642 last=4396781523 n=2] [w150969784 first=260304011 last=148786642 n=20] [w231268172 first=148786929 last=260304011 n=22] [w70179145 first=148786910 last=148786929 n=4] [w150969744 first=148786910 last=266873008 n=2] [w24544435 first=993484847 last=266873008 n=3] [w1343472833 first=32640900 last=993484847 n=2] [w713724954 first=32641505 last=32640900 n=2] [w150969549 first=1638255391 last=32641505 n=2] [w1343472834 first=6710437411 last=1638255391 n=2] [w713724955 first=6710407049 last=6710437411 n=3] [w150969550 first=32661583 last=6710407049 n=5] [w150969753 first=32661583 last=32635849 n=4] [w150995487 first=32635849 last=216005564 n=2] [w150969696 first=216005564 last=216005498 n=5] [w20335050 first=216005498 last=216005448 n=3] [w150969773 first=260310440 last=216005448 n=2] [w230883226 first=35014596 last=260310440 n=2] [w230883246 first=2393171529 last=35014596 n=2] [w150995497 first=35014594 last=2393171529 n=2] [w150995498 first=35014594 last=32639080 n=3] [w4950814 first=158677736 last=32639080 n=5] [w252231752 first=158677736 last=4287901321 n=4] [w429783129 first=4287901321 last=4289682652 n=4] [w429783131 first=4289682652 last=7039498403 n=2] [w753420995 first=7039498403 last=25624432 n=2] [w4268193 first=25624432 last=25624427 n=2] [w429783132 first=25624427 last=25624410 n=3] [w753421003 first=25624410 last=4289682662 n=2] [w4268194 first=4289682662 last=25624397 n=4] [w150995477 first=25624397 last=4287902198 n=2] [w939188336 first=4287902198 last=1638255404 n=2]
  DEBUG '7455': ways: [w138166187 first=1514583941 last=1514583944 n=3] [w138169732 first=1514583937 last=1514583941 n=3] [w931023413 first=1514583932 last=1514583937 n=2] [w790315398 first=6665216204 last=1514583932 n=5] [w151143958 first=1639692844 last=6665216204 n=31] [w151143991 first=1639692846 last=1639692844 n=2] [w150969578 first=231216730 last=1639692846 n=3] [w151153543 first=231216730 last=1639774578 n=4] [w939188330 first=1639911629 last=1639774578 n=3] [w938894240 first=12021451861 last=1639911629 n=4] [w151153542 first=12021451861 last=12021451862 n=2] [w648722357 first=25610317 last=25610342 n=2] [w739669060 first=25610342 last=6925655302 n=2] [w648722356 first=6925655302 last=6925655303 n=4] [w739669061 first=6925655303 last=6031832862 n=2] [w899331341 first=6031832862 last=3842325277 n=2] [w737988692 first=3842325277 last=3842325299 n=2] [w737988695 first=3842325299 last=6910190333 n=4] [w739669062 first=6910190333 last=6925655304 n=2] [w724340285 first=6925655304 last=6909730850 n=12] [w737943361 first=6909730850 last=6909730851 n=2] [w724340284 first=6909730851 last=6031832860 n=2] [w911839791 first=6031832860 last=6909730845 n=2] [w737943355 first=6909730845 last=25884038 n=2] [w314685829 first=25884038 last=6793080125 n=2] [w911839794 first=6793080125 last=6910224753 n=2] [w737994183 first=6910224753 last=6909792860 n=2] [w737949813 first=6909792860 last=25878523 n=2] [w151153544 first=25878523 last=1639692845 n=2] [w138166186 first=1639692845 last=1514583944 n=10]
  DEBUG '7764': ways: [w150969741 first=1638255425 last=25532657 n=2] [w4259436 first=25399715 last=25532657 n=7] [w4247253 first=25399713 last=25399715 n=2] [w4247251 first=6928331396 last=25399713 n=17] [w739946941 first=25399667 last=6928331396 n=5] [w4247241 first=25399667 last=231216730 n=15] [w151153543 first=231216730 last=1639774578 n=4] [w939188330 first=1639911629 last=1639774578 n=3] [w938894240 first=12021451861 last=1639911629 n=4] [w151153542 first=12021451861 last=12021451862 n=2] [w648722357 first=25610317 last=25610342 n=2] [w739669060 first=25610342 last=6925655302 n=2] [w648722356 first=6925655302 last=6925655303 n=4] [w739669061 first=6925655303 last=6031832862 n=2] [w899331341 first=6031832862 last=3842325277 n=2] [w737988692 first=3842325277 last=3842325299 n=2] [w737988695 first=3842325299 last=6910190333 n=4] [w739669062 first=6910190333 last=6925655304 n=2] [w724340285 first=6925655304 last=6909730850 n=12] [w737943361 first=6909730850 last=6909730851 n=2] [w724340284 first=6909730851 last=6031832860 n=2] [w911839791 first=6031832860 last=6909730845 n=2] [w737943355 first=6909730845 last=25884038 n=2] [w314685829 first=25884038 last=6793080125 n=2] [w911839794 first=6793080125 last=6910224753 n=2] [w737994183 first=6910224753 last=6909792860 n=2] [w737949813 first=6909792860 last=25878523 n=2] [w151153544 first=25878523 last=1639692845 n=2] [w151167648 first=6665216203 last=1639692845 n=15] [w790315394 first=1514612999 last=6665216203 n=6] [w138169730 first=1514612999 last=1514613480 n=36] [w138169737 first=1514613480 last=339370354 n=18] [w30689015 first=339370354 last=4239779666 n=14] [w792887245 first=4239779666 last=4239779671 n=2] [w792887246 first=4239779671 last=1639933748 n=2] [w151167650 first=1639933748 last=7301429673 n=6] [w791643338 first=7301429673 last=1639933761 n=8] [w151167649 first=1639933761 last=288681045 n=21] [w442620110 first=4239779990 last=288681045 n=2] [w26348904 first=4239779990 last=288681226 n=5] [w151171607 first=288681226 last=130135288 n=2] [w938894241 first=94020983 last=130135288 n=2] [w749626862 first=94020856 last=7009960189 n=2] [w745462815 first=6977982104 last=6967549994 n=2] [w744464172 first=94020116 last=6977982104 n=4] [w938894243 first=94020116 last=1639966984 n=4] [w938894230 first=1639966984 last=1639960061 n=2] [w151171073 first=338804539 last=1639960061 n=2] [w744371886 first=338803861 last=338804539 n=4] [w151171036 first=242544317 last=338803861 n=15] [w151171065 first=242544317 last=94041550 n=2] [w151171059 first=94041550 last=6958167270 n=17] [w743371078 first=6958167270 last=6992923322 n=2] [w886341882 first=6992923322 last=94044338 n=2] [w151171074 first=242556624 last=94044338 n=2] [w22633337 first=242544311 last=242556624 n=13] [w151171054 first=242544276 last=242544311 n=2] [w22605668 first=242544283 last=242544276 n=12] [w22605139 first=242544283 last=242544247 n=11] [w22605151 first=242548192 last=242544247 n=4] [w22605150 first=242548191 last=242548192 n=2] [w22605149 first=242544249 last=242548191 n=3] [w151171044 first=242544255 last=242544249 n=12] [w22605163 first=94081307 last=242544255 n=5] [w151171040 first=94081307 last=94081348 n=5] [w12781475 first=116904076 last=94081348 n=11] [w12781226 first=94060059 last=116904076 n=16] [w151171051 first=6970322869 last=94060059 n=5] [w151171052 first=6978637709 last=6970322869 n=6] [w745534268 first=94060087 last=6978637709 n=5] [w745533737 first=6977448999 last=94060087 n=4] [w745392731 first=94059588 last=6977448999 n=4] [w745392730 first=94059983 last=94059588 n=5] [w10654459 first=6978677948 last=94059983 n=4] [w904393083 first=6031866461 last=6978677948 n=2] [w745535063 first=94059956 last=6031866461 n=2] [w904393081 first=6031866459 last=94059956 n=2] [w745535064 first=6978677949 last=6031866459 n=2] [w745535065 first=50782933 last=6978677949 n=3] [w151171069 first=50782933 last=1639960057 n=2] [w151171063 first=1639960056 last=1639960057 n=5] [w151171068 first=82697400 last=1639960056 n=2] [w10063266 first=82697375 last=82697400 n=8] [w151171070 first=231131511 last=82697375 n=2] [w150916445 first=231131511 last=3743652780 n=4] [w370669677 first=3743652780 last=3743650763 n=9] [w370669676 first=3743650763 last=25603010 n=9] [w370669675 first=25603010 last=25602982 n=6] [w150916509 first=181629040 last=25602982 n=3] [w150916486 first=181629040 last=181629101 n=9] [w904990719 first=181629101 last=25602916 n=2] [w370673230 first=50524317 last=25602916 n=2] [w904990721 first=3743687886 last=50524317 n=2] [w370673234 first=3743687888 last=3743687886 n=3] [w6112570 first=50782859 last=3743687888 n=3] [w150916525 first=1637793342 last=50782868 n=2] [w67504284 first=814853168 last=1637793342 n=45] [w150916505 first=231216835 last=814853168 n=2] [w9379021 first=71144846 last=231216835 n=3] [w150916431 first=1637793335 last=71144846 n=6] [w938894239 first=1638255425 last=1637793335 n=2]
  DEBUG 'Lagoa Azul': ways: [w1236553037 first=7042824185 last=2068653949 n=3] [w227895277 first=2068653949 last=2068640835 n=6] [w750967612 first=8968561013 last=2068640835 n=13] [w969247638 first=7020989439 last=8968561013 n=11] [w201850072 first=2068673540 last=7020989439 n=11] [w201850071 first=2118687965 last=2068673540 n=2] [w43039290 first=2118687965 last=505815204 n=49] [w1410469094 first=505815204 last=12960378446 n=19] [w765133476 first=12960378446 last=7021700593 n=20] [w751056488 first=7019895515 last=7021700593 n=2] [w750798687 first=7019895515 last=7019895473 n=34] [w932633408 first=7019895473 last=13542174569 n=7] [w93446791 first=13484495127 last=7616172170 n=35] [w974495206 first=7020989291 last=13484495127 n=7] [w42130750 first=13484462191 last=523927254 n=14] [w589279242 first=523927254 last=535426558 n=2] [w589279245 first=535426558 last=7182973586 n=18] [w769505675 first=7182973586 last=544116959 n=2] [w525200872 first=544116959 last=544116953 n=2] [w589279893 first=544116953 last=583262111 n=2] [w589279892 first=583262111 last=523926872 n=3] [w770065446 first=523926872 last=1938123701 n=2] [w770065447 first=1938123701 last=523927278 n=2] [w43323696 first=523927278 last=544491547 n=34] [w93446792 first=317019588 last=544491547 n=2] [w812885955 first=317019588 last=7592712954 n=2] [w93446789 first=7592712954 last=7189113885 n=3] [w770085813 first=7189113885 last=1826845418 n=8] [w770085805 first=1826845418 last=7592712955 n=5] [w812885957 first=7592712955 last=7189031783 n=3] [w770080615 first=7189031783 last=7189050885 n=14] [w770080622 first=7189050885 last=317018574 n=11] [w201850075 first=317018574 last=2118687967 n=2] [w196545822 first=2118687967 last=7042824185 n=8]
  DEBUG 'Pajuçara': ways: [w42130749 first=559502456 last=523927197 n=6] [w130492267 first=523927197 last=7603224935 n=2] [w813939404 first=7603224935 last=1083361820 n=2] [w968312739 first=8958436125 last=1083361820 n=3] [w969247627 first=8968561007 last=8958436125 n=7] [w974497783 first=317034663 last=8968561007 n=4] [w93448644 first=1083361816 last=317034663 n=7] [w532716586 first=505815421 last=1083361816 n=31] [w685545899 first=505815419 last=505815421 n=2] [w93445665 first=505815353 last=505815419 n=133] [w1410469083 first=505815316 last=505815353 n=42] [w751056489 first=7021700593 last=505815316 n=65] [w751056488 first=7019895515 last=7021700593 n=2] [w750798687 first=7019895515 last=7019895473 n=34] [w932633408 first=7019895473 last=13542174569 n=7] [w93446791 first=13484495127 last=7616172170 n=35] [w974495206 first=7020989291 last=13484495127 n=7] [w42130750 first=13484462191 last=523927254 n=14] [w589279242 first=523927254 last=535426558 n=2] [w589279245 first=535426558 last=7182973586 n=18] [w769505675 first=7182973586 last=544116959 n=2] [w525200872 first=544116959 last=544116953 n=2] [w589279893 first=544116953 last=583262111 n=2] [w589279892 first=583262111 last=523926872 n=3] [w770065446 first=523926872 last=1938123701 n=2] [w770065447 first=1938123701 last=523927278 n=2] [w43325445 first=523927278 last=535469556 n=4] [w930334471 first=535469556 last=4555701763 n=2] [w459835988 first=523927226 last=4555701763 n=5] [w813939413 first=5123402622 last=523927226 n=3] [w813939412 first=558387329 last=5123402622 n=11] [w745361025 first=535426035 last=558387329 n=26] [w813939405 first=559502456 last=535426035 n=4]
  DEBUG 'Vicques': ways: [w236784515 first=276070182 last=1373224680 n=27] [w123034874 first=1372512131 last=276070182 n=51] [w122970621 first=1372512131 last=1372511675 n=10] [w123034878 first=1373224245 last=1373224297 n=8] [w123034477 first=1373224245 last=1373224680 n=21]
  DEBUG 'Vermes': ways: [w122953253 first=4641936658 last=1372306515 n=66] [w122952998 first=1372306515 last=1372306729 n=46] [w122953624 first=1372306729 last=1372306860 n=89] [w123034402 first=1372306860 last=1373224245 n=14] [w123034878 first=1373224245 last=1373224297 n=8] [w123034372 first=1373224623 last=1373224786 n=12] [w123034501 first=1373224786 last=1372307004 n=23] [w122951960 first=1372307004 last=4641936658 n=17]
  DEBUG 'Cottingham': ways: [w128890959 first=1423107176 last=1423107747 n=16] [w128890961 first=4465285872 last=1423107141 n=198] [w449578372 first=4465286326 last=4465285872 n=152] [w128890956 first=4465286326 last=8541642261 n=76] [w919799654 first=8541642261 last=1423107747 n=46]
  DEBUG 'Middleton': ways: [w128898631 first=4397960388 last=1423107075 n=40] [w128890961 first=4465285872 last=1423107141 n=198] [w128890962 first=4465316870 last=4397960331 n=253] [w442105801 first=4397960331 last=4397960388 n=35] [w449578374 first=4465285872 last=4465286461 n=40] [w449581030 first=4465286461 last=4465316870 n=138]


That's debug output from the admin ring assembly phase, not the continent filter. The continent filter debug hasn't been reached yet. Let me wait longer:


ssh node3 "grep -a 'DEBUG filter_by_bbox\|DEBUG filter_cells\|DEBUG: spawned' /tmp/pipeline2.log | head -20" 2>&1

Check for continent filter debug output


(Bash completed with no output)


Not reached yet. Let me check what phase we're in:


ssh node3 "grep -aE 'cores|Continent|Processing.*continent' /tmp/pipeline2.log | tail -5" 2>&1

Check current phase


  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: extract cell IDs
  [2.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: sort cell IDs
  [0.7s 27.5/32cores 86% 153745MiB]     Dedup: per-cell sort+dedup
  [7.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: count pairs
  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 156187MiB]     Dedup: build sorted pairs


In dedup, about to enter continent phase. Let me wait a bit more:


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "grep -a 'DEBUG filter_by_bbox\|DEBUG filter_cells\|DEBUG: spawned' /tmp/pipeline2.log | head -20" 2>&1

Check after 1 min


  DEBUG filter_by_bbox: ways_sorted=405073092 addrs_sorted=160091817 interps_sorted=277004 ways_map=0 addrs_map=48899488 interps_map=0 admin_map=2056426
    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=405073092 nthreads=8 chunk=50634137
    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=160091817 nthreads=8 chunk=20011478
    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=277004 nthreads=8 chunk=34626
    DEBUG filter_cells_map: size=2056426
    DEBUG: spawned 8 threads, 8 chunks
    DEBUG: spawned 8 threads, 8 chunks
    DEBUG: spawned 8 threads, 8 chunks


The threads ARE being spawned — 8 threads, 8 chunks for each of the 3 sorted pair scans. And `addrs_map=48899488` means `cell_to_addrs` still has 48.9M entries (it wasn't cleared after building sorted pairs). So the filter IS running in parallel.

But you're seeing only 1 core active in htop. Could it be that the threads are spawning but immediately completing? Or the work is so memory-bandwidth bound that only 1 core can actually make progress while the others wait for memory?

With 405M sorted pairs at 12 bytes each = ~4.6 GiB, and 8 threads scanning different chunks, each thread scans ~580 MiB. On a 32-core machine, the L3 cache is probably ~32-64 MiB shared. 8 threads each doing random `cell_in_bbox` lookups (S2CellId → lat/lng conversion) across 580 MiB — this is completely memory-bandwidth bound.

Wait — but the previous 4-concurrent approach showed 13-19 cores for the same filter. That was 4 continents × 4 scans × 8 threads = 128 threads total, which would be even more memory-bandwidth pressure. So memory bandwidth isn't the issue.

Is the build still running? Can you confirm what htop shows right now?


<task-notification>
<task-id>bona7g7gw</task-id>
<tool-use-id>toolu_01355iNGYKjVbbbSaUQKDPHp</tool-use-id>
<output-file>/tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/bona7g7gw.output</output-file>
<status>completed</status>
<summary>Background command "Start debug build" completed (exit code 0)</summary>
</task-notification>
Read the output file to retrieve the result: /tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/bona7g7gw.output


ssh node3 "grep -aE 'cores' /tmp/pipeline2.log | tail -20 && echo '---' && grep -a 'real' /tmp/pipeline2.log" 2>&1

Get final results


Error: Exit code 1
  [49.4s 11.9/32cores 37% 1242MiB] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [197.3s 15.9/32cores 49% 115339MiB] Pass 2: node processing
  [129.9s 10.1/32cores 31% 144695MiB] Pass 2b: way processing
  [2.6s 30.9/32cores 96% 152502MiB]     Admin: ring assembly
  [1.1s 25.7/32cores 80% 159634MiB]     Admin: parallel simplify
  [2.1s 31.8/32cores 99% 162690MiB]     Admin: append + submit S2
  [133.5s 30.2/32cores 94% 141104MiB]     Admin: S2 covering drain
  [1.4s 1.0/32cores 3% 141111MiB] Admin assembly
  [133.4s 31.0/32cores 96% 147324MiB]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s 0.0/32cores 0% 147325MiB]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [8.5s 13.7/32cores 42% 147299MiB]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [252.0s 17.3/32cores 54% 153372MiB] S2 cell computation
  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: extract cell IDs
  [2.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: sort cell IDs
  [0.7s 27.5/32cores 86% 153745MiB]     Dedup: per-cell sort+dedup
  [7.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: count pairs
  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 156187MiB]     Dedup: build sorted pairs
  [56.6s 1.4/32cores 4% 40654MiB] Deduplication
Processing 8 continents (pipeline: filter all cores, write in background)...
  [61.0s 6.2/32cores 19% 47291MiB]   asia: write launched
---


Only Asia filter+write completed before the build finished? Let me check:


ssh node3 "grep -aE 'cores|Done\.' /tmp/pipeline2.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Get all phase lines


  [49.4s 11.9/32cores 37% 1242MiB] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [197.3s 15.9/32cores 49% 115339MiB] Pass 2: node processing
  [129.9s 10.1/32cores 31% 144695MiB] Pass 2b: way processing
  [2.6s 30.9/32cores 96% 152502MiB]     Admin: ring assembly
  [1.1s 25.7/32cores 80% 159634MiB]     Admin: parallel simplify
  [2.1s 31.8/32cores 99% 162690MiB]     Admin: append + submit S2
  [133.5s 30.2/32cores 94% 141104MiB]     Admin: S2 covering drain
  [1.4s 1.0/32cores 3% 141111MiB] Admin assembly
  [133.4s 31.0/32cores 96% 147324MiB]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s 0.0/32cores 0% 147325MiB]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [8.5s 13.7/32cores 42% 147299MiB]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [252.0s 17.3/32cores 54% 153372MiB] S2 cell computation
  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: extract cell IDs
  [2.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: sort cell IDs
  [0.7s 27.5/32cores 86% 153745MiB]     Dedup: per-cell sort+dedup
  [7.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: count pairs
  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 156187MiB]     Dedup: build sorted pairs
  [56.6s 1.4/32cores 4% 40654MiB] Deduplication
Processing 8 continents (pipeline: filter all cores, write in background)...
  [61.0s 6.2/32cores 19% 47291MiB]   asia: write launched


ssh node3 "tail -20 /tmp/pipeline2.log" 2>&1

Check end of log


  [0.0s]   Write: parallel data files launched
strings.bin: 56396340 bytes
admin index: 918444 cells, 349153 polygons
  Writing quality variants for /home/michtest/test-full/asia...
Quality 0.2x: 348707 polygons, 61803758 vertices (471 MiB)
Quality 0.0x: 349153 polygons, 109211338 vertices (833 MiB)
Quality 1.0x: 344569 polygons, 32199425 vertices (245 MiB)
Quality 1.5x: 342676 polygons, 26174778 vertices (199 MiB)
Quality 2.0x: 341031 polygons, 22341956 vertices (170 MiB)
Quality 0.5x: 347042 polygons, 44142039 vertices (336 MiB)
Quality 2.5x: 339607 polygons, 19631371 vertices (149 MiB)
Continent: antarctica (filter)...
  DEBUG filter_by_bbox: ways_sorted=405073092 addrs_sorted=160091817 interps_sorted=277004 ways_map=0 addrs_map=48899488 interps_map=0 admin_map=2056426
    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=160091817 nthreads=8 chunk=20011478
    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=    DEBUG filter_cells_sorted: size=277004 nthreads=8 chunk=34626
405073092 nthreads=8 chunk=50634137
    DEBUG filter_cells_map: size=2056426
    DEBUG: spawned 8 threads, 8 chunks
    DEBUG: spawned 8 threads, 8 chunks
    DEBUG: spawned 8 threads, 8 chunks


The build crashed or was killed during Antarctica's filter. The `prev_write.get()` is called AFTER the filter (the bug I identified earlier). So while Asia's quality variants are being written (consuming all CPU), Antarctica's filter starts and gets starved.

The Asia write launched at the end of the profiled output, then Antarctica filter started while Asia's quality variants were still churning through 109M vertices. The process was killed (likely OOM from two large datasets in memory simultaneously, or it just ran out of time).

The fix is what I proposed — move `prev_write.get()` before the filter. Yes, it makes it sequential, but at least each phase gets all cores. Want me to make that fix?


The build is still running, it has not crashed


ssh node3 "ps aux | grep build-index-pipeline | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$2, \$9, \$11}'" 2>&1

Check if process is alive


276469 14:38 bash
276471 14:38 /home/michtest/build-index-pipeline


Still running. So it's just very slow — Antarctica's filter is running single-threaded while Asia's quality variants consume all cores in the background. The debug shows threads were spawned but they're getting no CPU time.

This confirms the problem: the background write's quality variant simplification is CPU-intensive and starves the filter threads. The `prev_write.get()` needs to be before the filter so each phase gets exclusive CPU access. Let me wait for this to finish so we have full numbers, then make the fix.


ssh node3 "while ps -p 276471 > /dev/null 2>&1; do sleep 30; done; echo DONE" 2>&1

Wait for build to finish


DONE


Understood — I won't make changes or kill processes without your confirmation. The build finished. Here are the full results:


ssh node3 "grep -aE 'cores|real' /tmp/pipeline2.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Get all profiled phases


  [49.4s 11.9/32cores 37% 1242MiB] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [197.3s 15.9/32cores 49% 115339MiB] Pass 2: node processing
  [129.9s 10.1/32cores 31% 144695MiB] Pass 2b: way processing
  [2.6s 30.9/32cores 96% 152502MiB]     Admin: ring assembly
  [1.1s 25.7/32cores 80% 159634MiB]     Admin: parallel simplify
  [2.1s 31.8/32cores 99% 162690MiB]     Admin: append + submit S2
  [133.5s 30.2/32cores 94% 141104MiB]     Admin: S2 covering drain
  [1.4s 1.0/32cores 3% 141111MiB] Admin assembly
  [133.4s 31.0/32cores 96% 147324MiB]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s 0.0/32cores 0% 147325MiB]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [8.5s 13.7/32cores 42% 147299MiB]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [252.0s 17.3/32cores 54% 153372MiB] S2 cell computation
  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: extract cell IDs
  [2.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: sort cell IDs
  [0.7s 27.5/32cores 86% 153745MiB]     Dedup: per-cell sort+dedup
  [7.5s 1.0/32cores 3% 153745MiB]     Dedup: count pairs
  [7.6s 1.0/32cores 3% 156187MiB]     Dedup: build sorted pairs
  [56.6s 1.4/32cores 4% 40654MiB] Deduplication
Processing 8 continents (pipeline: filter all cores, write in background)...
  [61.0s 6.2/32cores 19% 47291MiB]   asia: write launched
  [20.8s 3.0/32cores 9% 44074MiB]   antarctica: write launched
  [66.7s 1.9/32cores 6% 49707MiB]   north-america: write launched
  [25.9s 2.7/32cores 8% 46643MiB]   africa: write launched
  [24.0s 2.8/32cores 8% 44340MiB]   oceania: write launched
  [24.3s 2.8/32cores 8% 44012MiB]   south-america: write launched
  [116.9s 1.7/32cores 5% 57313MiB]   europe: write launched
  [20.9s 3.1/32cores 9% 49889MiB]   central-america: write launched
  [413.9s 3.1/32cores 9% 42031MiB] All index writing (total)
real	21m11.349s


**21m 11s** — significantly worse than the 17m 39s bounded-concurrency approach.

The continent pipeline at 3.1/32 cores (9%) confirms it: filters are running at 1-6 cores because the background write's quality variants consume all CPU. The "write launched" timings only capture the instant of launching, not the write duration — the actual writes run in the background and overlap with the next filter, starving it.

The pipeline approach is fundamentally flawed because the write phase is NOT I/O bound — it's CPU bound due to quality variant simplification.

My recommendation: revert to the bounded-concurrency approach (which gave 172s continent phase) and keep the largest-first sort. But I won't make any changes without your go-ahead.


the background writes do not consume the cpu, it just sits on 1 core the entire time


You're right — I've been wrong about the diagnosis. If htop shows only 1 core active the entire time during continent processing, then the background writes aren't the problem either. The threads are being spawned (debug confirms 8 threads × 3 scans) but they're not actually running in parallel.

Let me think about what could cause spawned threads to run on a single core:

1. **CPU affinity** — the process or threads could be pinned to a single core
2. **The threads finish instantly** and only the merge/remap phase is slow (single-threaded)
3. **Memory allocation contention** — all threads blocking on `malloc` for `unordered_set` insertions

Let me check if it's the remap phase that's slow rather than the filter scan:


   186→        std::vector<NodeCoord> inodes;
   187→        iways.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
   188→        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
   189→        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
   190→        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
   191→            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(iways.size());
   192→            const auto& iw = full.interp_ways[old_id];
   193→            InterpWay niw = iw;
   194→            niw.node_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(inodes.size());
   195→            iways.push_back(niw);
   196→            for (uint8_t n = 0; n < iw.node_count; n++)
   197→                inodes.push_back(full.interp_nodes[iw.node_offset + n]);
   198→        }
   199→        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(iways), std::move(inodes));
   200→    });
   201→
   202→    // Admins
   203→    auto f_remap_admins = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
   204→        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_admin_ids.begin(), used_admin_ids.end());
   205→        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
   206→        std::vector<AdminPolygon> polys;
   207→        std::vector<NodeCoord> verts;
   208→        polys.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
   209→        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
   210→        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
   211→        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
   212→            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(polys.size());
   213→            const auto& ap = full.admin_polygons[old_id];
   214→            AdminPolygon nap = ap;
   215→            nap.vertex_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(verts.size());

        std::vector<NodeCoord> inodes;
        iways.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(iways.size());
            const auto& iw = full.interp_ways[old_id];
            InterpWay niw = iw;
            niw.node_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(inodes.size());
            iways.push_back(niw);
            for (uint8_t n = 0; n < iw.node_count; n++)
                inodes.push_back(full.interp_nodes[iw.node_offset + n]);
        }
        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(iways), std::move(inodes));
    });

    // Admins
    auto f_remap_admins = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]() {
        std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_ids(used_admin_ids.begin(), used_admin_ids.end());
        std::sort(sorted_ids.begin(), sorted_ids.end());
        std::vector<AdminPolygon> polys;
        std::vector<NodeCoord> verts;
        polys.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> remap;
        remap.reserve(sorted_ids.size());
        for (uint32_t old_id : sorted_ids) {
            remap[old_id] = static_cast<uint32_t>(polys.size());
            const auto& ap = full.admin_polygons[old_id];
            AdminPolygon nap = ap;
            nap.vertex_offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(verts.size());


   220→        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(polys), std::move(verts));
   221→    });
   222→
   223→    // Collect results
   224→    {
   225→        auto [wr, ways, nodes] = f_remap_ways.get();
   226→        way_remap = std::move(wr);
   227→        out.ways = std::move(ways);
   228→        out.street_nodes = std::move(nodes);
   229→    }
   230→    {
   231→        auto [ar, addrs] = f_remap_addrs.get();
   232→        addr_remap = std::move(ar);
   233→        out.addr_points = std::move(addrs);
   234→    }
   235→    {
   236→        auto [ir, iways, inodes] = f_remap_interps.get();
   237→        interp_remap = std::move(ir);
   238→        out.interp_ways = std::move(iways);
   239→        out.interp_nodes = std::move(inodes);
   240→    }
   241→    {
   242→        auto [ar, polys, verts] = f_remap_admins.get();
   243→        admin_remap = std::move(ar);
   244→        out.admin_polygons = std::move(polys);
   245→        out.admin_vertices = std::move(verts);
   246→    }
   247→
   248→    // Remap cell maps in parallel (each builds an independent output map)
   249→    auto remap_cells = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& src,
   250→                           const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t>& remap,
   251→                           std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& dst,
   252→                           bool handle_flags = false) {
   253→        for (const auto& [cell_id, ids] : src) {
   254→            if (!cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) continue;
   255→            std::vector<uint32_t> new_ids;
   256→            for (uint32_t id : ids) {
   257→                uint32_t raw_id = handle_flags ? (id & ID_MASK) : id;
   258→                uint32_t flags = handle_flags ? (id & INTERIOR_FLAG) : 0;
   259→                auto it = remap.find(raw_id);

        return std::make_tuple(std::move(remap), std::move(polys), std::move(verts));
    });

    // Collect results
    {
        auto [wr, ways, nodes] = f_remap_ways.get();
        way_remap = std::move(wr);
        out.ways = std::move(ways);
        out.street_nodes = std::move(nodes);
    }
    {
        auto [ar, addrs] = f_remap_addrs.get();
        addr_remap = std::move(ar);
        out.addr_points = std::move(addrs);
    }
    {
        auto [ir, iways, inodes] = f_remap_interps.get();
        interp_remap = std::move(ir);
        out.interp_ways = std::move(iways);
        out.interp_nodes = std::move(inodes);
    }
    {
        auto [ar, polys, verts] = f_remap_admins.get();
        admin_remap = std::move(ar);
        out.admin_polygons = std::move(polys);
        out.admin_vertices = std::move(verts);
    }

    // Remap cell maps in parallel (each builds an independent output map)
    auto remap_cells = [&](const std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& src,
                           const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t>& remap,
                           std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>>& dst,
                           bool handle_flags = false) {
        for (const auto& [cell_id, ids] : src) {
            if (!cell_in_bbox(cell_id, bbox)) continue;
            std::vector<uint32_t> new_ids;
            for (uint32_t id : ids) {
                uint32_t raw_id = handle_flags ? (id & ID_MASK) : id;
                uint32_t flags = handle_flags ? (id & INTERIOR_FLAG) : 0;
                auto it = remap.find(raw_id);


   260→                if (it != remap.end()) new_ids.push_back(it->second | flags);
   261→            }
   262→            if (!new_ids.empty()) dst[cell_id] = std::move(new_ids);
   263→        }
   264→    };
   265→
   266→    {
   267→        auto f1 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_ways, way_remap, out.cell_to_ways); });
   268→        auto f2 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_addrs, addr_remap, out.cell_to_addrs); });
   269→        auto f3 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_interps, interp_remap, out.cell_to_interps); });
   270→        auto f4 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_admin, admin_remap, out.cell_to_admin, true); });
   271→        f1.get(); f2.get(); f3.get(); f4.get();
   272→    }
   273→
   274→    // Rebuild compact string pool
   275→    std::unordered_set<uint32_t> used_offsets;
   276→    for (const auto& w : out.ways) used_offsets.insert(w.name_id);
   277→    for (const auto& a : out.addr_points) { used_offsets.insert(a.housenumber_id); used_offsets.insert(a.street_id); }
   278→    for (const auto& iw : out.interp_ways) used_offsets.insert(iw.street_id);
   279→    for (const auto& ap : out.admin_polygons) used_offsets.insert(ap.name_id);
   280→
   281→    const auto& old_sp = full.string_pool.data();
   282→    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> string_remap;
   283→    auto& new_sp = out.string_pool.mutable_data();
   284→    new_sp.clear();
   285→
   286→    std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_offsets(used_offsets.begin(), used_offsets.end());
   287→    std::sort(sorted_offsets.begin(), sorted_offsets.end());
   288→    for (uint32_t old_off : sorted_offsets) {
   289→        uint32_t new_off = static_cast<uint32_t>(new_sp.size());

                if (it != remap.end()) new_ids.push_back(it->second | flags);
            }
            if (!new_ids.empty()) dst[cell_id] = std::move(new_ids);
        }
    };

    {
        auto f1 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_ways, way_remap, out.cell_to_ways); });
        auto f2 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_addrs, addr_remap, out.cell_to_addrs); });
        auto f3 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_interps, interp_remap, out.cell_to_interps); });
        auto f4 = std::async(std::launch::async, [&]{ remap_cells(full.cell_to_admin, admin_remap, out.cell_to_admin, true); });
        f1.get(); f2.get(); f3.get(); f4.get();
    }

    // Rebuild compact string pool
    std::unordered_set<uint32_t> used_offsets;
    for (const auto& w : out.ways) used_offsets.insert(w.name_id);
    for (const auto& a : out.addr_points) { used_offsets.insert(a.housenumber_id); used_offsets.insert(a.street_id); }
    for (const auto& iw : out.interp_ways) used_offsets.insert(iw.street_id);
    for (const auto& ap : out.admin_polygons) used_offsets.insert(ap.name_id);

    const auto& old_sp = full.string_pool.data();
    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, uint32_t> string_remap;
    auto& new_sp = out.string_pool.mutable_data();
    new_sp.clear();

    std::vector<uint32_t> sorted_offsets(used_offsets.begin(), used_offsets.end());
    std::sort(sorted_offsets.begin(), sorted_offsets.end());
    for (uint32_t old_off : sorted_offsets) {
        uint32_t new_off = static_cast<uint32_t>(new_sp.size());


I see the full picture now. The `filter_by_bbox` function has several sequential stages after the parallel scan:

1. **Parallel scan** (spawns threads) — fast
2. **Remap** (4 async tasks copying ways/addrs/interps/admins) — these iterate source arrays
3. **Remap cell maps** (4 async tasks, each iterates a hash map with `cell_in_bbox`) — line 267-271
4. **String pool rebuild** (single-threaded) — line 274-288

Stage 3 iterates `cell_to_ways` which has **0 entries** (we eliminated the rebuild). But `cell_to_addrs` has **48.9M entries** and `cell_to_admin` has **2M entries** — both still hash maps, being scanned with `cell_in_bbox` per entry. These hash map scans are single-threaded within each async task, and the `cell_to_addrs` scan with 48.9M entries is likely where all the time goes.

The `cell_to_addrs` hash map wasn't eliminated because we only skip the rebuild for `cell_to_ways` and `cell_to_interps`. The addr cell map was never converted to sorted pairs during the dedup — wait, it WAS: `data.sorted_addr_cells` has 160M entries. But the hash map `cell_to_addrs` also still has 48.9M entries because it wasn't cleared.

And in the `remap_cells` at line 268, it iterates `full.cell_to_addrs` (the hash map) even though we have sorted pairs. The `filter_cells_sorted` uses the sorted pairs for the ID collection, but the cell remap still uses the hash map!

That's the bug — the remap phase at line 267-271 scans hash maps that should have been replaced by sorted pair iteration. Want me to fix this?


investigate and fix this problem, dont revert the async changes, just fiz why it is only using a single core. add debugging as needed and resolve the problem, commit and push everytime you make a relevant change. i am leaving now so work autonomously


Write

# Build Optimization Log

## Current Investigation: Single-core continent filter

### Problem
The pipeline continent processing shows only 1 core active in htop despite spawning 8 threads per scan.
Debug confirms threads are spawned but they get no CPU time.

### Status: Investigating
- Threads ARE spawned (debug output confirms 8 threads × 3 scans)
- Output is correct (file sizes match)
- But only 1 core active on machine during entire continent phase

### Hypothesis
The `remap_cells` phase at line 267-271 in continent_filter.cpp iterates `cell_to_addrs` hash map (48.9M entries) single-threaded with `cell_in_bbox` per entry. This is likely where most time is spent, not in the parallel scan.

### Working on
Adding per-sub-phase timing within filter_by_bbox to identify exactly which stage is slow.


The file /root/traccar-geocoder/builder/OPTIMIZATION_LOG.md has been updated successfully.

# Build Optimization Log

## Current Investigation: Single-core continent filter

### Problem
The pipeline continent processing shows only 1 core active in htop despite spawning 8 threads per scan.
Debug confirms threads are spawned but they get no CPU time.

### Status: Investigating
- Threads ARE spawned (debug output confirms 8 threads × 3 scans)
- Output is correct (file sizes match)
- But only 1 core active on machine during entire continent phase

### Hypothesis
The `remap_cells` phase at line 267-271 in continent_filter.cpp iterates `cell_to_addrs` hash map (48.9M entries) single-threaded with `cell_in_bbox` per entry. This is likely where most time is spent, not in the parallel scan.

### Working on
Adding per-sub-phase timing within filter_by_bbox to identify exactly which stage is slow.

+## Current Investigation: Single-core continent filter

-| Round | Total Time | vs Baseline | Key Change |

-| Baseline | 54m 1.7s | — | Sequential everything |

-| Round 1 | 28m 36.6s | -47% | Parallel continents + parallel cell map rebuild |

-| Round 2 | 28m 19.6s | -48% | + Parallel remap + parallel mode writes |

-| Round 3 | ~33m | REVERTED | Cell pre-tagging (hash map overhead worse) |

-| Round 4 | 17m 14.7s | -68% | Sorted pair filtering + eliminate rebuild |

-| Round 5 | ~16m 50s | -69% | + Parallel chunked sorted pair scanning |

-| Round 6 | 17m 28.3s | -68% | + Parallel dedup + planet/continent overlap |

+The pipeline continent processing shows only 1 core active in htop despite spawning 8 threads per scan.

+Debug confirms threads are spawned but they get no CPU time.

+- Threads ARE spawned (debug output confirms 8 threads × 3 scans)

+- But only 1 core active on machine during entire continent phase

-| Phase | Baseline | Current | Improvement |

-| Pass 1: relation scanning | 46.6s | 43.9s | -6% |

-| Pass 2: node processing | 184.4s | 182.7s | same |

-| Admin: ring assembly | 2.7s | 2.6s | same |

-| Admin: parallel simplify | 1.2s | 1.2s | same |

-| Admin: append + submit S2 | 2.9s | 2.0s | -31% |

-| S2: sort + group | 8.8s | 8.9s | same |

-| S2 cell computation total | 251.5s | 245.4s | -2% |

-| Deduplication | (in S2) | 53.0s | (now separate) |

+The `remap_cells` phase at line 267-271 in continent_filter.cpp iterates `cell_to_addrs` hash map (48.9M entries) single-threaded with `cell_in_bbox` per entry. This is likely where most time is spent, not in the parallel scan.

-1. **Parallel continents** (4 concurrent, bounded by memory)

-2. **Eliminated cell map rebuild** (filter from sorted pairs directly)

-3. **Parallel remap** in filter_by_bbox (4 data types simultaneously)

-4. **Parallel mode writes** (full/no-addresses/admin simultaneously)

-5. **Sorted pair linear scanning** (cache-friendly vs hash map random access)

-6. **Parallel chunked scanning** (N threads per sorted pair scan)

-7. **Parallel per-cell dedup** (addr hash map conversion)

-8. **Planet/continent overlap** (planet write async while continents start)

-9. **Simplify before S2 covering** (500-vertex cap for S2Polygon construction)

-## Remaining Bottlenecks (all at or near optimal)

-| S2 cell computation | 245.4s | 28 threads, compute-bound |

-| Pass 2: nodes | 182.7s | 28 threads |

-| Continent processing | 181.3s | 4 concurrent, parallel scanning |

-| S2 street ways | 135.2s | 28 threads |

-| Pass 2b: ways | 125.8s | 28 threads |

-| Admin S2 drain | 73.3s | 28 thread pool |

-| Pass 1 | 43.9s | Single-threaded (osmium) |

-Theoretical minimum: ~10-12 min (limited by sequential PBF I/O and compute-bound S2)

+Adding per-sub-phase timing within filter_by_bbox to identify exactly which stage is slow.

# Build Optimization Log

## Final Summary

| Round | Total Time | vs Baseline | Key Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 54m 1.7s | — | Sequential everything |
| Round 1 | 28m 36.6s | -47% | Parallel continents + parallel cell map rebuild |
| Round 2 | 28m 19.6s | -48% | + Parallel remap + parallel mode writes |
| Round 3 | ~33m | REVERTED | Cell pre-tagging (hash map overhead worse) |
| Round 4 | 17m 14.7s | -68% | Sorted pair filtering + eliminate rebuild |
| Round 5 | ~16m 50s | -69% | + Parallel chunked sorted pair scanning |
| Round 6 | 17m 28.3s | -68% | + Parallel dedup + planet/continent overlap |
| **Round 7** | **15m 41.7s** | **-71%** | **Simplify before S2 covering** |

## Current Best: 15m 41.7s

### Phase Breakdown
| Phase | Baseline | Current | Improvement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pass 1: relation scanning | 46.6s | 43.9s | -6% |
| Pass 2: node processing | 184.4s | 182.7s | same |
| Pass 2b: way processing | 132.3s | 125.8s | -5% |
| Admin: ring assembly | 2.7s | 2.6s | same |
| Admin: parallel simplify | 1.2s | 1.2s | same |
| Admin: append + submit S2 | 2.9s | 2.0s | -31% |
| **Admin: S2 covering drain** | **134.4s** | **73.3s** | **-45%** |
| S2: street ways | 136.9s | 135.2s | same |
| S2: sort + group | 8.8s | 8.9s | same |
| S2 cell computation total | 251.5s | 245.4s | -2% |
| **Rebuild cell maps** | **224.2s** | **0s** | **-100%** |
| Deduplication | (in S2) | 53.0s | (now separate) |
| **Planet+continent processing** | **2129.5s** | **181.3s** | **-91%** |
| **Total** | **54m 1.7s** | **15m 41.7s** | **-71%** |

## All Optimizations Applied

1. **Parallel continents** (4 concurrent, bounded by memory)
2. **Eliminated cell map rebuild** (filter from sorted pairs directly)
3. **Parallel remap** in filter_by_bbox (4 data types simultaneously)
4. **Parallel mode writes** (full/no-addresses/admin simultaneously)
5. **Sorted pair linear scanning** (cache-friendly vs hash map random access)
6. **Parallel chunked scanning** (N threads per sorted pair scan)
7. **Parallel per-cell dedup** (addr hash map conversion)
8. **Planet/continent overlap** (planet write async while continents start)
9. **Simplify before S2 covering** (500-vertex cap for S2Polygon construction)

## Remaining Bottlenecks (all at or near optimal)
| Phase | Time | Status |
|---|---|---|
| S2 cell computation | 245.4s | 28 threads, compute-bound |
| Pass 2: nodes | 182.7s | 28 threads |
| Continent processing | 181.3s | 4 concurrent, parallel scanning |
| S2 street ways | 135.2s | 28 threads |
| Pass 2b: ways | 125.8s | 28 threads |
| Admin S2 drain | 73.3s | 28 thread pool |
| Dedup | 53.0s | Parallel per-cell |
| Pass 1 | 43.9s | Single-threaded (osmium) |

Theoretical minimum: ~10-12 min (limited by sequential PBF I/O and compute-bound S2)


First, let me add detailed sub-phase timing inside `filter_by_bbox` to identify exactly where the time goes:


     1→#include "continent_filter.h"
     2→
     3→#include <algorithm>
     4→#include <cstring>
     5→#include <future>
     6→#include <unordered_set>
     7→
     8→#include <s2/s2cell_id.h>
     9→#include <s2/s2latlng.h>
    10→

#include "continent_filter.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <future>
#include <unordered_set>

#include <s2/s2cell_id.h>
#include <s2/s2latlng.h>