Bash

git add builder/src/build_index.cpp && git commit --amend --no-edit 2>&1 | tail -1 && cat builder/src/build_index.cpp | ssh node3 "cat > /tmp/traccar-geocoder/builder/src/build_index.cpp" && ssh node3 "cd /tmp/traccar-geocoder/builder/build && make -j\$(nproc) 2>&1 | tail -3" 2>&1

Fix and rebuild


 1 file changed, 65 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-)
      |           ^~~~~~~~
[100%] Linking CXX executable build-index
[100%] Built target build-index


ssh node3 "rm -rf /tmp/de-combined && mkdir -p /tmp/de-combined && /tmp/traccar-geocoder/builder/build/build-index /tmp/de-combined ~/pbf/germany.osm.pbf --parallel-admin > /tmp/de-combined.log 2>&1 && grep -F 's]' /tmp/de-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Germany test with combined pass


  [3.6s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [16.8s] Pass 2: node processing
  [11.8s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [8.9s] Admin assembly
  [2.6s]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [2.7s]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [13.7s] S2 cell computation
  [2.8s] Deduplication
  [3.9s]   Write: entry files
  [0.0s]   Write: geo_cells.bin
  [0.0s]   Write: parallel data files launched
  [4.1s] Index file writing


**Pass 2: 16.8s, Pass 2b (ways): 11.8s. Combined: 28.6s** vs the old separate Pass 2 (19.2s) + Pass 3 (12.9s) = 32.1s. Saved **3.5s on Germany** from eliminating the second file open/read.

Let me verify and run Europe:


ssh node3 "/tmp/dedup_compare /tmp/de-combined ~/de-baseline-n3 2>&1 | head -3" 2>&1

Quick verify


A (/tmp/de-combined): 37035 unique name|level
B (/home/michtest/de-baseline-n3): 37034 unique name|level
Both: 37034  Only_A: 1  Only_B: 0


Correct. Europe next:


ssh node3 "rm -rf ~/europe-combined && mkdir -p ~/europe-combined && /tmp/traccar-geocoder/builder/build/build-index ~/europe-combined ~/pbf/europe.osm.pbf --parallel-admin > ~/europe-combined.log 2>&1 && grep -F 's]' ~/europe-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Europe with combined pass


Command running in background with ID: baeh45c7l. Output is being written to: /tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/baeh45c7l.output


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$3\"% CPU\", \$6/1024\"MB\", \$10}'" 2>&1

60s check


1655% CPU 98172.5MB 19:04


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$3\"% CPU\", \$6/1024\"MB\", \$10}'" 2>&1

60s check


1264% CPU 120958MB 28:49


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$3\"% CPU\", \$6/1024\"MB\", \$10}'" 2>&1

60s check


1189% CPU 127451MB 40:24


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$3\"% CPU\", \$6/1024\"MB\", \$10}'" 2>&1

60s check


1318% CPU 116322MB 59:35


sleep 30 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$3\"% CPU\", \$6/1024\"MB\", \$10}'" 2>&1

30s check


1168% CPU 121398MB 60:13


sleep 30 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$3\"% CPU\", \$6/1024\"MB\", \$10}'" 2>&1

30s check


1052% CPU 21149.1MB 60:50


Past dense array.


sleep 30 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | wc -l" 2>&1

30s check


sleep 30 && ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*europe-combined' | grep -v grep | wc -l" 2>&1

30s check


cat /tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/baeh45c7l.output 2>/dev/null | grep -F 's]' | grep -v DEBUG

Europe timings


  [25.0s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [72.2s] Pass 2: node processing
  [63.3s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [70.0s] Admin assembly
  [27.2s]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [28.0s]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [98.6s] S2 cell computation
  [15.2s] Deduplication
  [43.6s]   Write: entry files
  [5.3s]   Write: geo_cells.bin
  [0.0s]   Write: parallel data files launched
  [49.4s] Index file writing


**Europe: Pass 2 (72.2s) + Pass 2b (63.3s) = 135.5s** vs old separate Pass 2 (76.3s) + Pass 3 (68.3s) = 144.6s. **Saved 9.1s (6%).**

Total: ~394s (6.6 min) vs 398s before. Modest gain on Europe. Planet should see bigger gains since the file is larger (more seek overhead eliminated).

Let me verify correctness:


ssh node3 "/tmp/dedup_compare ~/europe-combined ~/europe-baseline 2>&1 | head -3" 2>&1

Verify Europe


A (/home/michtest/europe-combined): 327882 unique name|level
B (/home/michtest/europe-baseline): 327854 unique name|level
Both: 327854  Only_A: 28  Only_B: 0


0 missing. Correct. The combined pass saves ~9s on Europe, projecting ~30-40s on planet. Every bit helps — let me know if you want the planet run, or if there are other areas to explore.


<task-notification>
<task-id>baeh45c7l</task-id>
<tool-use-id>toolu_01Rwwv4Ef3ZzZ3wnnUqVoKCb</tool-use-id>
<output-file>/tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/baeh45c7l.output</output-file>
<status>completed</status>
<summary>Background command "Europe with combined pass" completed (exit code 0)</summary>
</task-notification>
Read the output file to retrieve the result: /tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/baeh45c7l.output


Europe verified. Let me run planet to get the final number with all optimizations combined.


ssh node3 "rm -rf ~/planet-combined && mkdir -p ~/planet-combined && nohup /tmp/traccar-geocoder/builder/build/build-index ~/planet-combined ~/pbf/planet.osm.pbf --parallel-admin > ~/planet-combined.log 2>&1 & echo started" 2>&1

Start planet with combined pass


Command running in background with ID: bklu3j411. Output is being written to: /tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/bklu3j411.output


Planet started. I'll monitor every 2 minutes for the phase timers.


sleep 120 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Check after 2 min


[51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning


sleep 120 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Check after 2 min


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing


sleep 120 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Check after 2 min


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing
  [126.0s] Pass 2b: way processing


**Way processing: 126.0s** (was 152.2s separately) — **17% faster** from shared reader!


sleep 120 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Check after 2 min


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing
  [126.0s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [158.3s] Admin assembly


sleep 120 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Check after 2 min


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing
  [126.0s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [158.3s] Admin assembly
  [138.1s]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s]   S2: interp ways (parallel)


sleep 120 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Check after 2 min


The user doesn't want to proceed with this tool use. The tool use was rejected (eg. if it was a file edit, the new_string was NOT written to the file). STOP what you are doing and wait for the user to tell you how to proceed.

Note: The user's next message may contain a correction or preference. Pay close attention — if they explain what went wrong or how they'd prefer you to work, consider saving that to memory for future sessions.


[Request interrupted by user for tool use]


How long has this been running for?


ssh node3 "ps aux | grep 'build-index.*planet-combined' | grep -v grep | awk '{print \$10}'" 2>&1

Check elapsed time


0:00
171:44


~12 minutes wall time. Phases so far: Pass 1 (51s) + Pass 2 (170s) + Pass 2b (126s) + Admin (158s) + S2 streets (138s) = 643s (~10.7 min). Currently in S2 sort+group, with write still to come (~250s). Estimated total: **~17 min**.


ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Current phases


In S2 sort+group now (~110s expected), then dedup (~35s), then write (~250s). About 6-7 more minutes.


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

60s check


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing
  [126.0s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [158.3s] Admin assembly
  [138.1s]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [116.5s]   S2: sort + group into cell maps


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

60s check


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

60s check


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing
  [126.0s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [158.3s] Admin assembly
  [138.1s]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [116.5s]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [350.3s] S2 cell computation
  [35.5s] Deduplication


In write phase now.


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

60s check


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

60s check


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG; tail -2 ~/planet-combined.log" 2>&1

60s check


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing
  [126.0s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [158.3s] Admin assembly
  [138.1s]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [116.5s]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [350.3s] S2 cell computation
  [35.5s] Deduplication
  [216.9s]   Write: entry files
Writing index files to /home/michtest/planet-combined...
  [216.9s]   Write: entry files


sleep 60 && ssh node3 "tail -5 ~/planet-combined.log; ps aux | grep 'build-index.*planet-combined' | grep -v grep | wc -l" 2>&1

60s check


  [0.0s]   Write: parallel data files launched
strings.bin: 214552491 bytes
admin index: 2049797 cells, 947358 polygons
  [251.6s] Index file writing
Done.
2


Wait — "2" means process still showing? Let me check:


ssh node3 "grep -F 's]' ~/planet-combined.log | grep -v DEBUG" 2>&1

Final timings


  [51.3s] Pass 1: relation scanning
  [170.1s] Pass 2: node processing
  [126.0s] Pass 2b: way processing
  [158.3s] Admin assembly
  [138.1s]   S2: street ways (parallel)
  [0.0s]   S2: interp ways (parallel)
  [116.5s]   S2: sort + group into cell maps
  [350.3s] S2 cell computation
  [35.5s] Deduplication
  [216.9s]   Write: entry files
  [33.2s]   Write: geo_cells.bin
  [0.0s]   Write: parallel data files launched
  [251.6s] Index file writing


**Planet final with combined pass:**

| Phase | Previous | Combined pass | Saved |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pass 1 | 51.1s | 51.3s | — |
| Pass 2 (nodes) | 173.0s | 170.1s | 3s |
| **Pass 2b (ways)** | **152.2s** | **126.0s** | **26s** |
| Admin | 157.5s | 158.3s | — |
| S2 total | 352.1s | 350.3s | 2s |
| Dedup | 35.1s | 35.5s | — |
| Write | 250.5s | 251.6s | — |
| **Total** | **1071s (17.8m)** | **~1043s (17.4m)** | **28s** |

**Planet: 17.4 minutes.** Saved 28s from eliminating the second PBF file read. The way processing went from 152s → 126s (17% faster) because the PBF data was already in OS page cache from the node pass.

**Overall journey: 5 hours → 17.4 minutes = 17.2x speedup.**


<task-notification>
<task-id>bklu3j411</task-id>
<tool-use-id>toolu_01Mdjmd6hLJPmMMW6LLySAuD</tool-use-id>
<output-file>/tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/bklu3j411.output</output-file>
<status>completed</status>
<summary>Background command "Start planet with combined pass" completed (exit code 0)</summary>
</task-notification>
Read the output file to retrieve the result: /tmp/claude-0/-root-traccar-geocoder/af1c4baa-0f9a-4420-a8b3-ce20dc28c8b9/tasks/bklu3j411.output


**Planet: 17.4 minutes. 17.2x faster than baseline.**

Let me verify correctness:


ssh node3 "/tmp/dedup_compare ~/planet-combined ~/planet-baseline 2>&1 | head -5" 2>&1

Verify planet


A (/home/michtest/planet-combined): 644809 unique name|level
B (/home/michtest/planet-baseline): 642275 unique name|level
Both: 642265  Only_A: 2544  Only_B: 10

Only in B (MISSING from A):


Same 10 missing, 2544 extras. All correct.


Check commits


08f162c perf: combine Pass 2+3 into single PBF read
199b58d perf: skip dedup for pre-sorted S2 cell maps + direct write path
61bea7a docs: planet build 18 min (was 5 hours baseline, 40 min initial parallel)
c533099 perf: sweep-line self-intersection check + k-way merge for S2 cell maps
009a02d perf: fast-path cover_edge + merge-join entry writing


37 commits on main, all verified. Planet builds in 17.4 minutes with 100% way/address match and 10 missing admin boundaries (0.0016%).


I think the biggest potential timesave now is the writing to disk. Could you do an investigation into whether there is any more work we could do there? 250 seconds for that seems like a huge amount


ssh node3 "ls -lh ~/planet-combined/street_entries.bin ~/planet-combined/addr_entries.bin ~/planet-combined/interp_entries.bin ~/planet-combined/geo_cells.bin" 2>&1

Check file sizes


-rw-rw-r-- 1 michtest michtest 704M Mar 22 19:32 /home/michtest/planet-combined/addr_entries.bin
-rw-rw-r-- 1 michtest michtest 6.1G Mar 22 19:33 /home/michtest/planet-combined/geo_cells.bin
-rw-rw-r-- 1 michtest michtest 1.4M Mar 22 19:31 /home/michtest/planet-combined/interp_entries.bin
-rw-rw-r-- 1 michtest michtest 2.1G Mar 22 19:32 /home/michtest/planet-combined/street_entries.bin


Total data written: ~9GB. At SSD speeds (500MB/s+), pure IO should take ~18s. We're spending **217s on entry files** — that's 12x slower than raw IO. The bottleneck is CPU, not disk.

The `write_entries` function does:
1. Extract 86M entries from hash map → sort → 86M CellRef (~50s)
2. Merge-join 86M CellRef with 332M sorted_geo_cells + buffer build (~150s)
3. Write 2.8GB to disk (~15s)

Step 2 is the killer: for each of 332M sorted_geo_cells, we walk the CellRef array. Most cells aren't in the ways map, so the merge-join skips them. But we still iterate all 332M cells.

The fix: **skip the hash map entirely for ways.** Write street_entries directly from the sorted CellItemPair vector. This eliminates steps 1 and 2.


  2320→                // --- Phase 2: Way processing using same reader ---
  2321→
  2322→                // Thread-local data for parallel way processing
  2323→                struct ThreadLocalData {
  2324→                    std::vector<WayHeader> ways;

                // --- Phase 2: Way processing using same reader ---

                // Thread-local data for parallel way processing
                struct ThreadLocalData {
                    std::vector<WayHeader> ways;


I need to make the sorted way pairs persist past the S2 block into the write phase. Let me add it to ParsedData:


249:struct ParsedData {

249:struct ParsedData {


   249→struct ParsedData {
   250→    StringPool string_pool;
   251→    std::vector<WayHeader> ways;
   252→    std::vector<NodeCoord> street_nodes;
   253→    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_ways;
   254→    std::vector<AddrPoint> addr_points;
   255→    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_addrs;
   256→    std::vector<InterpWay> interp_ways;
   257→    std::vector<NodeCoord> interp_nodes;
   258→    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_interps;
   259→    std::vector<AdminPolygon> admin_polygons;
   260→    std::vector<NodeCoord> admin_vertices;
   261→    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_admin;
   262→
   263→    // Deferred work for parallel S2 computation (ways + interps)
   264→    std::vector<DeferredWay> deferred_ways;
   265→    std::vector<DeferredInterp> deferred_interps;
   266→
   267→    // Collected data for parallel admin assembly
   268→    std::vector<CollectedRelation> collected_relations;
   269→    struct WayGeometry {
   270→        std::vector<std::pair<double,double>> coords;
   271→        int64_t first_node_id;
   272→        int64_t last_node_id;
   273→    };

struct ParsedData {
    StringPool string_pool;
    std::vector<WayHeader> ways;
    std::vector<NodeCoord> street_nodes;
    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_ways;
    std::vector<AddrPoint> addr_points;
    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_addrs;
    std::vector<InterpWay> interp_ways;
    std::vector<NodeCoord> interp_nodes;
    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_interps;
    std::vector<AdminPolygon> admin_polygons;
    std::vector<NodeCoord> admin_vertices;
    std::unordered_map<uint64_t, std::vector<uint32_t>> cell_to_admin;

    // Deferred work for parallel S2 computation (ways + interps)
    std::vector<DeferredWay> deferred_ways;
    std::vector<DeferredInterp> deferred_interps;

    // Collected data for parallel admin assembly
    std::vector<CollectedRelation> collected_relations;
    struct WayGeometry {
        std::vector<std::pair<double,double>> coords;
        int64_t first_node_id;
        int64_t last_node_id;
    };


Edit

    // Deferred work for parallel S2 computation (ways + interps)
    std::vector<DeferredWay> deferred_ways;
    std::vector<DeferredInterp> deferred_interps;

    // Deferred work for parallel S2 computation (ways + interps)
    std::vector<DeferredWay> deferred_ways;
    std::vector<DeferredInterp> deferred_interps;

    // Sorted (cell_id, way_id) pairs from S2 computation — kept for direct entry writing
    std::vector<CellItemPair> sorted_way_cells;